/ 英语知识

[语法][高中]情景交际(二)

情景交际,高考有4个考点,本文主要介绍第2个考点:情感态度类交际用语。

情景交际反映了社会发展的变化和高考发展的要求。情景交际题通过创设情景,把语言交际放在真实的语言环境中去运用,以此形式考查考生运用所学知识去交流尽想、表达观点的能力。这是高考重视交际能力的又一具体体现。这要求考生不仅要掌握英语语言知识,而且要具备灵活运用所学语言知识去解决现实社会生活中各种问题的能力。

高考考点

  1. 社会交往类交际用语
  2. 情感态度类交际用语
  3. 易混淆交际用语辨析
  4. 交际用语的灵活运用

情感态度类交际用语

1.遗憾和同情

What a pity!真遗憾!
What a shame!真遗憾/真丢脸!
It's a pity that...(由于)……真遗憾。
I'm afraid that…恐怕……
I'm sorry to hear…听到……我非常难过。
例如:
I'm sorry you can't join in the travel.很遗憾你不能参加旅行。

2.意愿和希望

I'm going to…我打算……
I will...我将/想……
I'd like to…我想要……
I (do not) want/hope to...我(不)想/希望……
I intend/mean/plan to…我打算/预定/计划……
I feel like doing sth.我想…
I'm ready to...我随时可以……
I would rather (not)do sth.我宁愿(不)……
I wish to…我希望……
I wish that…我希望……
I would do it ifI should have the chance.如果有机会,我一定去做……
If only…要是……就好了。
例如:
①-What are you going to do this afternoon?你今天下午打算做什么?
-I am going to climb a mountain then.我打算去爬山。
②-Do you want me to write a letter to him7你想让我给他写封信吗?
一Yes,I want this letter(to be) ready by tomorrow.是的,我想让这封信在明天之前写好。

3.赞同和反对

Certainly./ Sure./ Of course.可以。/一定,/当然。
Yes,please.可以。
Yes,I think so。是的,我也这么认为。
That's true.那是真的。
All right.好吧。
OK.行。
Yes,maybe.是的,也许是这样。
I see your point.我懂得你的意思。
That's a good idea.那是一个好主意。
I agree( with you).我同意,
It's a good idea to...……是个好主意。
No problem.没问题。
No,I don't think so.不,我想不是这样。
I'm afraid not.恐怕不行。
No,you are wrong. 不,你错了。
I really can't agree with you.我真的不能同意你的意见。
I'm afraid I (really) can't agree with you.我恐怕(真的)不能同意你的意见。
I'm afraid I disagree with you on...恐怕在……方面,我不能同意你的观点。
例如:
①-I think I shall read a book instead.我想看看书。
-Good idea. That's much better than watching a bad TV programme.好主意。那比看糟糕的电视节目好多了。
②-I think foreign languages are more interesting than science.我认为外语比科学有趣。
-I really can't agree with you.I prefer science.我真的不能同意你的意见,我更倾向于科学。
③-Don't think in Chinese when you' re speaking English.当你讲英语的时候别用汉语思维。
-You are quite right.你说得很对。

4.喜好与厌恶

I like/love... (very much).我(非常)喜欢/喜爱……
I like/love to…我喜欢……
I quite like…我很喜欢……
I really enjoy…我确实喜欢……
I'm fond of…我喜欢……
I'm rather keen on...我对……颇有兴趣。
I don't like (to)…我不喜欢……
I dislike…我不喜欢…
I hate (to)…我讨厌……
例如:
①I dislike being treated like that.我不喜欢被那样对待。
②I am fond of listening to music.我喜欢听音乐。

5.决断和坚持

I will…我一定要……
I have decided to...我已决定要……
I have decided that…,我已决定要……
I insist on…我坚持……
I insist that…我坚持……
例如:
①We all insisted on his coming with us.我们都坚持让他和我们一起去。
②I insisted that he was wrong.我坚持认为他是错误的。

6.判断和意见

It's correct to do sth.做……是正确的。
Well done!做得好!
Good work!做得好!
In my opinion,…依我看来,……
It seems…那好像是……
So far as I know,…据我所知……
例如:
-What do you think of their work?你觉得他们的工作怎么样?
-Oh,well done.哦,干得不错。

7.偏爱和爱好

I prefer… to…我喜欢……而不喜欢…
I prefer sb (not) to do sth.我宁愿(不)让某人干某事。
I would rather do sth.我宁愿……
I would rather not do sth。我宁愿不……
例如:
-There is coffee and tea. Which would you prefer?这里有咖啡和茶,你比较喜欢哪一种?
I prefer tea (to coffee).我比较喜欢茶。

8.责备和抱怨

He is to blame.他应负责任。
She blamed him for...她为……责备他。
He shouldn't have done it.他本不该于那件事的。
Why can't you do something about it?你为何不能为那件事出点力?
例如:
①-He couldn't find the place.他找不到那个地方。
-You told hirm how to get there,but perhaps you should have drawn a map.你告诉了他如何去那儿,但是也许你本应画张地图。
②-Do you know something about the accident?关于这次事故你了解什么吗?
-As far as I know,the driver was to blame for the accident.据我所知,司机应负责任。

9.肯定和不肯定

I'm sure(of that).(关于那件事)我敢肯定。
I am sure that...我肯定……
I'm not sure (of that).(关于那件事)我不敢肯定。
I'm not sure whether/if...我不敢肯定……是否……
I'm pretty certain that...我敢肯定……
I'm not really sure.我实在不能肯定。
It's highly unlikely that....………看起来希望非常渺茫。
There is no doubt about it.毫无疑问。
Maybe…也许……
Perhaps…也许……
I doubt if... 我怀疑是否……
例如:
①-Did you see anyone coming into this building?你看见有谁走进这幢大楼吗?
-No,I didn't.没看见。
-Sure?可以肯定吗?
-There is no doubt about it.毫无疑问。
②-Will they come?他们会来吗?
-Maybe not.也许不来。
③I doubt if he is honest.我怀疑他是否诚实。

例题

  1. -Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, Mom?
    -_____ Wait till you are old enough, dear.
    A. Will you?
    B. Why not?
    C. I hope so.
    D. I'm afraid not.

答案:D。Will you用于请求第三者的同意;Why not译为“为什么不去做……”,用于向别人提建议;I hope so译为“我也希望是这样”;I am afraid not译为“恐怕不行”。根据句意选择D项。句意:“每个人都要去爬山,我也能去吗,妈妈?”“恐怕不行,亲爱的,等你长大些吧。”