[语法][初中]动词专项 I

by 助学英语

本文主要介绍初中英语语法动词专项知识中动词的分类，重点讲解其中的实义动词，连系动词和助动词。

◎考点直击

1.动词的分类

（1）实义动词

（2）连系动词

（3）助动词

（4）情态动词

2.动词的时态和语态

3.主动语态与被动语态详解

4.主谓一致性原则

5.非谓语动词

◎ 名师点睛

初中英语语法动词专项要考的所有知识分散在初一、初二、初三各册中，其考查题型有：选择填空，完形填空，综合填空，书面表达等。由于考点多，对于初中生来说，应该加以重视，并认真学习！

◎ 动词专项学习

（一）动词的分类

动词是表示行为或状态的词，按其含义和功能可分四类：实义动词，连系动词，助动词，情态动词。

1.实义动词

实义动词也称行为动词，指有实在的意义，能独立作谓语。实义动词有如下几个要点：

【实战练习 I 】

选择填空。

1.—Don't forget to call me as soon as you ______ Australia.

—OK, I'll do it when I ______ .

A.arrive; reach

B.get; arrive

C.reach; arrive

2.They often ______ music in their free time.

A.listen

B.listen to

C.hear

3.Tom, ______ the shelves ! Can you ______ some books ?

A.look; see

B.look at; read

C.look at; see

4.We ______ our key everywhere, but we can't ______ it.

A.look for；look

B.find; look for

C.look for; find

5.—May I use your dictionary ?

—Sorry. I ______ it at home.

A.forget

B.left

C.have forgotten

【参考答案】

1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B

【实战练习 II 】

选择填空。

1.You can ______ my bike for 3 days.

A.borrow

B.have

C.keep

2.I have ______ the book for one week.

A.borrowed

B.bought

C.had

3.How long have you ______ Greener China?

A.joined

B.been a member of

C.become

4.When it is 8:00 o'clock, the train ______ for a long time.

A.has left

B.had left

C.has been away

5.The factory ______ since ten years ago.

A.has opened

B.opened

C.has been open

【参考答案】

1.C 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C

2.连系动词

连系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，可以与后边的表语一起构成谓语。(表语通常由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、介词短语等充当)连系动词加表语结构当谓语说明主语的身份、状态、性质、特征等。

3.助动词

助动词（部分情态动词除外）本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能与其他动词构成疑问句、否定句、谓语动词的时态与语态以及作代动词等。

【实战练习 III 】

选择填空。

1.Lily ______ as carefully as Lucy.

A.is

B.writes

C.write

2.These flowers ______ nice and ______ well.

A.looks; sells

B.look; sell

C.sell; look

3.The dirty river ______ .

A.is smelt bad

B.smells badly

C.smells bad

4.I ______ for an important phone call at the moment.

A.waited

B.was waiting

C.am waiting

5.He ______ his cat when I arrived at his home.

A.cleaned

B.has cleaned

C.was cleaning

6.The building ______ ten years ago,but it still looks new now.

A.was built

B.built

C.is built

7.Bill ______ caught up with his brother yet.

A.wasn't

B.hasn't

C.doesn't

  1. ______ you free tomorrow?

A.Do

B.can

C.Are

9.—When ______ you ______ your old friend?

—The day before yesterday.

A.are; visiting

B.did; visit

C.have; visited

10.—Who broke that window?

—I ______ .

A.do

B.broke

C.did

11.Tom usually takes a bus there, so he ______ .

A.does

B.is

C.has

12.I have seen the movie, so ______ Lily.Because we went to cinema together yesterday.

A.have

B.does

C.has

【参考答案】

1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.A 12.C