/ 英语知识

[语法][初中]名词专项 II

本文主要介绍初中英语语法名词专项知识中的2大要点,其中包括:名词同义词与近义词辨析 、名词所有格。

◎ 考点直击

  1. 名词的分类
  2. 名词的数与前量
  3. 名词的句法功能
  4. 名词同义词与近义词辨析
  5. 名词所有格

◎ 名师点睛

初中英语语法名词专项要考的所有知识分散在初一、初二、初三各册中,其考查题型有:选择填空,完形填空,综合填空,书面表达等。由于考点多,对于初中生来说,应该加以重视,并认真学习!

◎ 名词专项学习

(三)名词同义词与近义词辨析

answer答案
key答案,钥匙,关键

cap便帽;军帽
hat帽子(一般指有边的帽子)

center 中心,中央
middle 中间,当中

city 城市(一般指大、中城市)
town 城镇

clothes ( pl.) 衣服
dress女服;(统指)衣服

college学院
university综合性大学

competition比赛;竞争
match比赛;竞争
game游戏;运动;比赛

cost价格
price价格;价钱

country国家
state国家;政府;州

countryside乡下;农村
village村庄;乡村

cup小茶杯
glass玻璃;玻璃杯

conference (正式)会议,商谈
meeting集会;会
party聚会

desk课桌;书桌
table桌子

door门
gate大门

evening晚上;傍晚
night夜;夜间

exam考试
test测试;考查

festival节日;喜庆日
holiday假日;假期
vacation假日

field田地;场地;领域
ground地面
land陆地;土地

film电影
cinema电影;电影院

floor 地板(室内)
ground地面(室外)

home家(指家庭住所)
family 家;家庭(指家庭成员)
house房子;家(指建筑物)

hill小山
mountain山;山脉

illness疾病
disease疾病(多指重大疾病)

job工作(可数)
work工作(不可数)

journey旅行(远距离、陆地)
travel旅行(远距离或国外)
trip旅行;远足(短距离)

kind种;类
sort种类;类别

laugh 笑(指出声地笑)
smile 微笑(指无声地笑)

lesson 课;功课;教训
class 课;班

litter垃圾;废物(多指细小的)
rubbish垃圾;废物
waste废(弃)物,垃圾

man 男人;人类
human (being) 人类
people人;人们(集合名词)
person人(指个人,无性别之分)

meal(一)餐;(一顿)伙食
dinner正餐;宴会

mind主意;想法
idea主意;想法
thought思想;念头

news新闻;消息
message消息;信息

picture图画;照片
photo照片

pond池塘
pool水塘;水池

problem问题;难题
question问题
matter 事情,问题(有麻烦)

rock岩石;大石头
stone石头;石料

sea海
ocean海洋;大洋

sound 音(泛指任何声音)
voice嗓音(指人的发音)
noise 响声(指一切嘈杂音)

shape形状;外形
form形状;式样

sky天空
space空间;太空

space空间;间隙(不可数)
room空间(不可数),房间(可数)
place地方(可数)

station站;所;车站
stop停靠站

street街道
road路;公路
way路;道路;方式

student大、中学生
pupil中、小学生

suggestion建议(可数)
advice建议(不可数)

thing事情;东西
matter事情;问题

wish希望;愿望
hope希望

◎ 实战练习 (一)

用所给词的适当形式填空。

(A)home family house

1.How many people are there in Simon’s__________?

2.She has bought a __________in America.

3.He left __________at the age of sixteen.

4.His __________are all fond of listening to music.

5.There are several__________along the road. They’re made of stones.

(B)job work

6.I like gardens too, but I don't like hard__________.

7.When you start a__________, you must stick to it.

8.The children were at school. My husband was at__________.

(C)suggestion advice

9.Here is some__________ on health to tell you.

10.I made a few__________about how we could be safe.

11.I wonder if I can get some__________from you.

(D)sound voice noise

12.The girl has a beautiful __________. It makes us pleasant.

13.At midnight he heard a strange__________.

14.Don’t make any__________! It wakes me up.

15.Light travels much faster than__________.

(E)man people person human

16.The Chinese are hardworking and brave__________.

17.__________,animals and plants all need water.

18.__________and women are equal(平等).

19.Who is that__________? I don’t know whether it is a man or a woman.

21.How many___________are there in the supermarket.

(F)problem question matter

21.She asked me five__________before I entered the door.

22.Measures have been taken to solve traffic__________in big cities.

23.—What’s the __________with you ?

—I have a headache.

24.—Could you help me with my math ?

—No__________ .

◎ 参考答案:

1.family 2.house 3.home 4.family 5.houses 6.work 7.job 8.work 9.advice 10.suggestions 11.advice /suggestions 12.voice 13.sound 14.noise 15.sound 16.people 17.Humans 18.Men 19.person 20.people 21.questions 22.problems 23.matter 24.problem

5.1_0
5.2_1
5.2_2
5.2_3

◎ 实战练习 (二)

根据汉语提示写出下列词组。

1.他妹妹的玩具


2.孩子们的小刀


3.那些男人们的手表


4.一棵橘子树


5.三天的步行


6.双胞胎姐妹


7.几位女司机


8.简和玛丽亚(共有)的书桌


9.我哥哥的一位同学


10.在十七世纪五十年代


◎ 参考答案:

1.his sister's toys

2.children’s knives

3.those men's watches

4.an orange tree

5.three days’ walk

6.two twin sisters

7.several women drivers

8.Jane and Maria’s desk

9.a classmate of my brother’s

10.in the 1650’s/1650s

◎ 实战练习 (三)

选择填空

( )1.Henry won the__________800-meter race yesterday.

A.girl’s
B.men
C. men's

( )2.Our new school building will be built in a few__________ time.

A.months
B.month's
C. months'

( )3.On the hill, there are some__________.

A.banana trees
B.men student
C. women doctor

( )4.There are two__________in the room.

A.women singers
B.woman singer
C. man singer

( )5.—Whose is this new desk?

—It's__________.

A.Sue's and Jim's
B.Sue and Jim
C. Sue and Jim's

( )6.The old teacher is a friend of__________.

A.my brother
B.my brother's
C.my

( )7.—Where is Lucy ? I can’t find her in her home.

—Oh, she has been to__________.

A.her uncle's
B.her uncle
C.C. her uncles

◎ 参考答案:

1.C 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A