[语法][初中]代词专项 I

by 助学英语

代词是用来代替名词或名词词组，用在句中以避免重复。中考共有8个考点。本文主要介绍其中的4大要点：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词。

◎考点直击

1.人称代词

2.物主代词

3.反身代词

4.指示代词

5.相互代词

6.不定代词

7.疑问代词

8.关系代词

◎名师点睛

初中英语语法代词专项要考的所有知识分散在初一、初二、初三各册课文中，其考查题型有：选择填空，完形填空，综合填空，书面表达等。由于考点多，应该加以重视，并认真学习！

(一)人称代词

1.人称代词表示某人本身，有人称、数和格的变化，但主格和宾格词义相同：

2.人称代词作主语时，用主格。

(1) We are cooks.

(2) Do you like fruit ?

3.人称代词作动词或介词的宾语时，用宾格。

(1) This is my sister. Do you like her?

(2) They often look after him.

4.人称代词作表语时，用主格，但在口语中常用宾格。

It’s I. 或 It’s me.

注意带双宾语的词语搭配中，代词须用宾格的现象：

Our math teacher is ill, so Miss Yang will teach us math.

6.人称代词并列使用时，单数的顺序：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称。

(1)You, Lucy and I are good friends.

(2)Lucy and I went shopping.

复数的顺序：第一人称→第二人称→第三人称。

(3)We, you and they have been to the Great Wall.

  1. it 还可以用来指代婴儿或不明性别、身份的人；指代时间、日期、距离、天气等，在句中作主语；作形式主语或宾语，而真正的主语由动词不定式、动词 -ing 形式或从句充当。it 还用于一些句型当中。

(1)The baby is crying. It might be hungry.

(2)It is seven o’clock.

(3)It takes me a day to get there.

(4)It is true that it will be sunny.

◎实战练习

根据汉语提示填空1～3；选择填空4～6。

  1. _____ (他）was late for meeting yesterday.

2.— Who told ______ (她）that bad news?

— It's ______ (我）.

3.They think ______ (我们）couldn't win the match.

4.This team, Miss Yang teaches ______ English.

A.they

B.their

C.them

  1. _______ are all invited to the

    party. Will you go together?

    A.You, he and I

    B.I, you and she

    C.He, I and you

6.— Can ______ pass the exam ?

— No. Because it is so difficult.

A.we and you

B.they and you

C.you and them

参考答案：

1.He 2.her; me 3.we 4.C 5.A 6.A

(二)物主代词

1.物主代词是表示所有关系，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，有人称和数的变化，但形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词词义相同:

物主代词变化口诀：物主代词分两家，形、名词性各一霸。

his,its 无变化，my, mine 记牢它。其余变形规律化，形容词（性）加尾巴（-s）

2.形容词性物主代词只作定语，其后一定要跟名词。We love our mother.

3.形容词性物主代词与 own 连用起强调作用。He used his own eraser.

4.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，其后不能接名词。

－Is this your pen ?

－No, it’s not mine.

5.名词性物主代词可与 of 连用作定语，构成双重所有格。

(1)John is a friend of hers.

(2)That is a photo of his.

◎实战练习

根据汉语提示填空1～2；选择填空3～4。

  1. ______ (我的）own bike doesn't work.May I use ______ (你的）?

  2. ______ (我们的）school is nearer than______ (他的）.

3.The book of ______ is worth reading. name is Jane Eyre.

A. her; Its

B. hers; Its

C.Jane's; It’s

  1. —Are those pets ______ ?

    —Yes, ______ name are Mimi and Nana.

    A. your; their

    B. yours; their

    C.your; theirs

参考答案：

1.My yours 2.Our his 3.B 4.A

(三)反身代词

1.反身代词表示某人自己，有人称和数的变化；在句中作宾语、同位语等。

(1) Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.

(2) My father himself planted this apple tree five years ago.

2.带反身代词的短语：

特别提醒：

上述反身代词须根据句义及主语而定，而 help oneself (to…)

这一短语是“主人”对“客人”说的客套话，其反身代词由客人而定，客

人为单数时用 yourself , 客人为复数时用 yourselves.

(1) Children enjoyed themselves at the party.

(2) Mrs Lee said to the kids, “Help yourselves to some tea!”

◎实战练习

选用适当的反身代词填空。

1.She saw ______ in the mirror, and she felt very happy.

2.Mr.Liu never goes to school,and he teaches ______ at home.

3.Lucy and Lily couldn't hear anything and said to ______ ,"My god."

4.I can't finish the work by ______ because it is too difficult.

5.Mrs.Lee says to the children,"Help ______ to some fruit."

参考答案：

1.herself 2.himself 3.themselves 4.myself 5.yourselves

(四)指示代词

1.指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样，都有指示或标识的作用。

(1) This is an eraser and that is a pencil.

(2) We are busy these days.

(3) In those boxes, she puts books.

2.以 this 与 that 引导的疑问句，其答句主语一般用 it；而 these 与

those 引导的疑问句，其答句主语一般用 they.

(1) －Is this/that your book ?

－Yes, it is.

(2) －Are these/those your pens ?

－No, they aren’t.

  1. that 和 those 可代替前面说过的名词，以避免重复。

(1) The population in China is larger than that in America.

(2) The weather in China is different from that in Australia.

(3) Cars made in Beijing are as good as those in New York.

4.电话用语中，this 指我，that 指你。

Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking？

5.定冠词 the 也有四个指示代词的词义，可替代这四个指示代词。

(1) Look at the(this/that) bag.

(2) Look at the(these/those) pens.

◎实战练习

选择填空

( ) 1.—What’s this in English?

— ______.

A. It isn’t a map.

B. Is it a map ?

C. It’s a map.

( ) 2.—Are these schoolbags?

— ______.

A. Yes, they are.

B. Yes, it is.

C. No, they are

( ) 3.—What are ______ in English?

—They are bananas.

A. those

B. that

C. this

( ) 4.—Who’s ______ over there?

—He is my brother.

A.the girl

B.this boy

C.the boy

参考答案：

1.C 2.A 3.A 4.C